
What Are The Causes And Risk Factors Of Bladder Cancer
Supporting Images And Resources
References
Cancer Research UK (2025). Bladder cancer statistics. Available at: https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/health-professional/cancer-statistics/statistics-by-cancer-type/bladder-cancer (Accessed: 8th January 2026)
Cassidy, J., Bissett, D., Spene, R., and Payne, M. (2010). Oxford Handbook of Oncology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Clatterbridge Private Clinic (2025) Bladder Cancer Awareness Month 2025: Feeling unsure? Get checked! Available at: https://clatterbridgeprivate.co.uk/bladder-cancer-awareness-month-2025-feeling-unsure-get-checked/ (Accessed: 8th January 2026)
Puente, J., Rodríguez-Vida, A., Sevillano, E., Estévez, S.V., Fernández, C.Á., Chirivella, I., Climent, M.Á., Fernández, O., de Liaño, A.G. y Valderrama, B.P. (2025). SEOM–SOGUG clinical guideline for urothelial cancer (2025). Clinical and Translational Oncology, [online] 27(11), pp.4142–4159. doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12094-025-04045-2.
Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica (SEOM). Las cifras del cáncer en España 2025. Available at: https://seom.org/publicaciones/el-cancer-en-españa.com. (Accessed: 7th January 2026)
Updated January 2026 Next Review May 2028

































