Aim

Overview

During the consultation with the doctor, there will be an initial discussion of the patient’s symptoms and how long they have experienced them. Questions will also be asked about their lifestyle and family history. The doctor will conduct physical examination and the relevant further tests to detect cause.

Step 1: Communication

Step 2: Physical examination

Step 3: Further tests (Blood tests)

Step 4: Tumour markers

Step 5: Stool test

Step 6: Imaging test (Colonoscopy)

Step 7: Imaging test (Sigmoidoscopy)

Step 8a: Further imaging tests (MRI)

Step 8b: Further imaging tests (Transrectal Endoscopic Ultrasound)

Step 9a: Emerging tests (Positron Emission Tomography)

Step 9b: Emerging tests (Computed Tomography and Colonography)

Step 9c: Emerging tests (Colon Capsule Endoscopy)

Step 9d: Emerging tests (Blood-based tests – Circulating Tumour DNA)

Step 10: Genetic tests

New Diagnostic Tests

References

Further reading and useful resources

Cancer Research UK: Diagnosis

Bowel Cancer UK: Diagnosis

Updated April 2025 Next Review March 2027

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