Risk Factors And Causes Of Head And Neck Cancer

What are the causes and risk factors of head and neck cancer?

Risk Factors Of Head And Neck Cancer Download

Human Papillomavirus (HPV)-positive and HPV-negative cancers are staged and treated based on the site, age, and overall health.

HPV-positive cancers commonly occur in young patients. Clinical characterisation of growth, early spread of node, and better prognosis. The 5-year survival rate of oropharynx and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) was 90%, compared to 40% in HPV-negative cases. Prognosis depends on stage and location.

Hypopharynx: survival rate STAGE I – III, where there is a poor survival rate. Larynx SCC has a survival rate of 79%. (Gallard, 2025)

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References

Cancer Research UK (2024) Head and Neck Cancer. Available at: https://www.cancerresearchuk.org/about-cancer/head-neck-cancer (Accessed: 21^st July 2025)

Cassidy, J., Bissett, D., Spene, R. and Payne, M. (2010) Oxford Handbook of Oncology. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Gaillard, F. (2025) Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. Available at: https://radiopaedia.org/articles/head-and-neck-squamous-cell-carcinomas (Accessed: 22^nd July 2025)

Updated July 2025 Next Review April 2027