Other risk factors of Osteosarcoma

B) Predisposed conditions: Paget’s Disease

Abnormal bone remodelling where there is either excessive bone formation or breakdown.

There is a high proportion of spongy bone to compact bone.

Low production of minerals causes weakening of bones with a spotty appearance.

Other effects of Paget’s disease

Osteoclast activity decreases -> This increases the breakdown of bone cells.

Osteoblast activity increases –> This increases production of new bone cells.

Chronic disease is common in the elderly, affecting the skull, backbone, pelvis, and long bones, which thicken and become disorganized.

C) Gender

More common in males (1.4) than females (1)

This gives a ratio of 1.4:1.

D) Ethnicity

More common in Afro Caribbean origin

References

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Hosseini, H., Heydari, S., Kiavash Hushmandi, Salman Daneshi and Rasoul Raesi (2025). Bone tumors: a systematic review of prevalence, risk determinants, and survival patterns. BMC Cancer, 25(1). doi:https://doi.org/10.1186/s12885-025-13720-0.

Pullan, J.E., and Lotfollahzadeh, S. (2024) Primary Bone Cancer Available at: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK560830/ (Accessed: 9^th April 2026)

‌WHO Editorial Board. WHO classification of bone tumours. In WHO Classification of Tumours Editorial Board. Soft tissue and bone tumours. Bovee J, Flanagan AM, Lazar AJ, Nielsen GP and Yoshida A (eds) pp 338. International Agency for Research on Cancer (2020)