Tag: medicine
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Osteoid Osteoma FactFile
Overview of Osteoid Osteoma Malignancy: Benign Type of bone tumour: Primary Grade: Low Location: It mainly occurs in the long bones. Upper limbs and hands: Humerus (arms), fingers (phalanges) Lower limbs: Proximal femur, tibia, feet (phalanges) Posterior of spine (vertebrae) Onset: First two decades (5 to 25) Risk Factors Of Osteoid Osteoma A) Genetics: Adenomatous Polyposis…
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Appearance Of Osteosarcoma Under The Microscope
Appearance Under Microscope Cell Morphology: pleomorphic and spindle Pleomorphic: a cell appears in different forms. Fine lacey pattern of the trabeculae. Irregular clumps of osteoid. Types of Histology Histology is the study of tissues. Supporting Image Resources References Bădilă, A.E., Rădulescu, D.M., Niculescu, A.-G., Grumezescu, A.M., Rădulescu, M. and Rădulescu, A.R. (2021). Recent Advances in…
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Osteosarcoma FactFile Part B (Other Risk Factors)
Other risk factors of Osteosarcoma B) Predisposed conditions: Paget’s Disease Abnormal bone remodelling where there is either excessive bone formation or breakdown. There is a high proportion of spongy bone to compact bone. Low production of minerals causes weakening of bones with a spotty appearance. Other effects of Paget’s disease Osteoclast activity decreases -> This…
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Osteosarcoma FactFile Overview
Overview of Osteosarcoma It is also known as osteogenic sarcoma Malignancy: Most common type of bone cancer. Secondary growth can occur in the lungs (pulmonary) and is characterised by M2-like tumour-associated macrophages (TAMS) in the tumour stroma. Stroma is the connective tissue that forms the basis of the cell or tissue. Macrophages are a type of…
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Osteosarcoma FactFile Part A (Genetic Syndromes)
Risk Factors Of Osteosarcoma Part A A) Genetic Syndromes There are many genetic syndromes that increase the risk and is associated with osteosarcoma. Here are some of them Li Fraumeni Syndrome It is an autosomal dominant disorder. Autosomal refers to the 22 pairs of numbered chromosomes in humans that are not involved in determining biological…
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Ewing Sarcoma FactFile
Overview of Ewing Sarcoma Malignancy: Rare Type of bone tumour: Primary Grade: high (aggressive type) Location: Onset: First three decades (Within 30 years) – children, teenagers, and young adults. Median age at diagnosis: 15 years Appearance: Onion skin Risk Factors Of Ewing Sarcoma A) Genetics: The rearrangement between FET or TET family genes AND the…
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Novel Therapeutic Interventions For The Treatment Of Prostate Cancer
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer that affects the male population. National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (2026) revealed that prostate cancer accounted for 46000 cases in England and Wales between 2019 and 2020. 13% of these cases have progressed to metastasis at diagnosis. There are ca. 12,000 deaths linked to prostate cancer…
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Recent Advances In Understanding The Link Between BRCA Gene Testing And Prostate Cancer
The continual rise of prostate cancer cases worldwide has shifted its ranking from being the second most common cancer to the leading malignancy in males. This corresponds to high morbidity and mortality in recent years (Zannini et al., 2025). The prostate gland is part of the male reproductive system, situated under the bladder, and primarily…
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The role of Cannabis compounds in the treatment of ovarian cancer
Ovarian cancer is one of the most critical health concerns in the female population worldwide. It is the most common gynaecological malignancy, often detected late due to non-specific symptoms at early stages. It has been reported that two of the main bioactive compounds that originate from the Cannabis sativa plant, cannabidiol (CBD) and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC),…
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Bevacizumab – A useful treatment for Colorectal Cancer in combination with chemotherapy
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer globally (World Health Organisation, 2026). It is more common in the male population, and the risk increases with age. It is estimated that 35, 000 people are diagnosed with colorectal cancer in England annually (National Institute for Health Care and Excellence, 2025). The National Health Service bowel…
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