Tag: cancer
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Chordoma FactFile
Overview of Chordoma Malignancy: very rare malignant Type of bone tumour: primary Grade: slow-growing/low grade Location: It affects the vertebral bodies. The vertebral bodies are the bony area of the spine rather than the jelly disc, though they contain vestigial notochord within the nucleus pulposus. The notochord is the early stage of the spine in a…
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Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) of the bone FactFile
Overview of Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS) of the bone Other names: Previously called malignant fibrous histocytoma. Malignancy: Malignant and fast-growing mesenchymal tumour. Type of bone tumour: Primary Grade: High and can metastasize in 50% of cases. Extremely rare (2 – 6% of all primary malignant bone tumours. Location: Long bones: femur (lower limb/thigh bone). Tibia and…
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Round Cell Sarcoma FactFile
Overview of Round Cell Sarcoma Malignancy: Malignant Type of bone tumour: Mesenchymal tumour Grade: Varies Location: Upper limbs: humerus and radius Lower limbs: Tibia, Femur Rare in viscera/abdomen/belly Other locations are affected and depend on the type of round cell sarcoma. Onset: Varies with type of round cell sarcoma Risk Factors Of Round Cell Sarcoma…
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Chondrosarcoma FactFile
Overview of Chondrosarcoma Malignancy: Yes, a malignant bone tumour that originates from the cartilage cells. Type of bone tumour: Most common primary tumour Grade: Most are low grade 10% of low-grade tumours transform to higher grades 90% of patients with Grade 1 have a 5-year survival, and is decreased to 40% in patients with Grade 3…
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The Difference Between Endochondroma and Low-Grade Chondrosarcoma
Question: How Can We Tell The Difference Between Enchondroma And Low-grade Chondrosarcoma? What is low-grade chondrosarcoma? Type of tumour: malignant, slow-growing cartilage tumour. Location: Long bones, flat bones (pelvis) and ribs. Symptoms: Deep continuous dull pain. Risk factors: Increased age, and there is a 40% risk of patients with Ollier and Mafucci syndrome developing chondrosarcoma,…
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Osteoblastoma FactFile
Overview of Osteoblastoma Malignancy: Benign Type of bone tumour: Primary Grade: Low Location: It affects the skull and vertebraeLarger than osteoma – The central nidus is more than 2cm References Bădilă, A.E., Rădulescu, D.M., Niculescu, A.-G., Grumezescu, A.M., Rădulescu, M. and Rădulescu, A.R. (2021). Recent Advances in the Treatment of Bone Metastases and Primary Bone Tumors:…
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Osteoid Osteoma FactFile
Overview of Osteoid Osteoma Malignancy: Benign Type of bone tumour: Primary Grade: Low Location: It mainly occurs in the long bones. Upper limbs and hands: Humerus (arms), fingers (phalanges) Lower limbs: Proximal femur, tibia, feet (phalanges) Posterior of spine (vertebrae) Onset: First two decades (5 to 25) Risk Factors Of Osteoid Osteoma A) Genetics: Adenomatous Polyposis…
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Appearance Of Osteosarcoma Under The Microscope
Appearance Under Microscope Cell Morphology: pleomorphic and spindle Pleomorphic: a cell appears in different forms. Fine lacey pattern of the trabeculae. Irregular clumps of osteoid. Types of Histology Histology is the study of tissues. Supporting Image Resources References Bădilă, A.E., Rădulescu, D.M., Niculescu, A.-G., Grumezescu, A.M., Rădulescu, M. and Rădulescu, A.R. (2021). Recent Advances in…
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Osteosarcoma FactFile Part B (Other Risk Factors)
Other risk factors of Osteosarcoma B) Predisposed conditions: Paget’s Disease Abnormal bone remodelling where there is either excessive bone formation or breakdown. There is a high proportion of spongy bone to compact bone. Low production of minerals causes weakening of bones with a spotty appearance. Other effects of Paget’s disease Osteoclast activity decreases -> This…
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Osteosarcoma FactFile Overview
Overview of Osteosarcoma It is also known as osteogenic sarcoma Malignancy: Most common type of bone cancer. Secondary growth can occur in the lungs (pulmonary) and is characterised by M2-like tumour-associated macrophages (TAMS) in the tumour stroma. Stroma is the connective tissue that forms the basis of the cell or tissue. Macrophages are a type of…
